Something else was created during the Big Bang: dark matter. Then, about 200 million years after the Big Bang, the first stars formed and produced the rest of the elements, which make up a fraction of the remaining 1% of all ordinary matter in the universe. Close to 5% of the universe's atoms are helium, according to NASA. By roughly 380,000 years later, the universe had cooled enough for protons and neutrons to come together and form lithium, helium and the hydrogen isotope deuterium, while free electrons were trapped to form neutral atoms.īecause there were so many protons zipping around in the early universe, hydrogen - the lightest element, with just one proton and one neutron - became the most abundant element, making up nearly 95% percent of the universe's atoms. "We don't even know the laws of physics that would have existed in such a hot, dense environment," Bahcall told Live Science.Ībout 100 seconds after the Big Bang, the temperature dropped to a still-seething 1 billion degrees Kelvin.
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